Review of Finance Advance Access originally published online on April 24, 2008
Review of Finance 2009 13(2):261-307; doi:10.1093/rof/rfn010
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banks, Distances and Firms' Financing Constraints
1 Università Politecnica delle Marche and MoFiR
2 Università Politecnica delle Marche, MoFiR and CeMaFiR
3 Università Politecnica delle Marche, MoFiR and CFESPR
Bank deregulation and progress in information technology altered the geographical diffusion of banking structures and instruments, and reduced operational distance between banks and local economies. Although, the consolidation of the banking industry promoted the geographical concentration of banking decision-making centres and increased functional distance between local banking systems and local borrowers. This paper focuses on the impact that these spatial diffusion-concentration phenomena had on the financing constraints of Italian firms over the period 1996–2003. Our findings show that greater functional distance stiffened financing constraints, especially for small firms, while smaller operational distance did not always enhance credit availability.
JEL Classification: G21, G34, R51.
The paper benefited from comments made by participants at the conference on The Changing Geography of Banking (Ancona, September 2006), the XV International Tor Vergata Conference on Banking and Finance (Rome, December 2006), the 3rd Workshop on Economic Policy and Open Economy Macro (Milan, April 2007), the 43rd Conference on Bank Structure and Competition (Chicago, May 2007) and at seminars at the University of Bari, University of Naples Federico II, Università Politecnica delle Marche, University of Rome III and CFESPR (Portici). In particular, we wish to thank Arnoud Boot, Roberto de Bonis, Alfredo Del Monte, Valter Di Giacinto, Michele Fratianni, Adriano Giannola, Tullio Jappelli, Riccardo Lucchetti, Zeno Rotondi, Greg Udell, Francesco Venturini and two anonymous referees for helpful suggestions. We thank Antonio Riti (Capitalia) and Luigi Guiso for kindly providing us with Surveys on Italian Manufacturing Firms and data on blood donation in Italian provinces respectively.